Fibre & Spinning

This study investigates the effect of air-nozzle pressure on the quality and production efficiency of 34 Ne CVC yarn composed of 60% cotton and 40% polyester, produced using a Murata Vortex Spinning 870 system. Four nozzle pressure levels, namely 0.45, 0.50, 0.55, and 0.60 MPa, were evaluated to determine their influence on yarn count, unevenness, tensile strength, hairiness, imperfections, waste generation, and energy consumption. The results show that nozzle pressure considerably affects yarn quality and operational performance. Among the tested pressure levels, 0.50 MPa produced the highest tenacity of 15.72 cN/tex and the lowest yarn unevenness of 10.25%, indicating superior yarn strength and regularity. Increasing the pressure further improved hairiness, with the hairiness index decreasing from 648 S3u/100 m at 0.45 MPa to 435 S3u/100 m at 0.60 MPa. However, higher pressure also increased total imperfections, mass variation, waste generation, and specific energy consumption. Total wastage increased from 3.10% at 0.45 MPa to 3.95% at 0.60 MPa, while specific energy consumption increased from 2.15 to 2.45 kWh/kg. Although 0.60 MPa produced smoother yarn, it resulted in higher imperfections, lower tenacity, reduced elongation, and greater energy demand. The production rate remained unchanged across all pressure levels, indicating that nozzle pressure mainly influenced quality and efficiency rather than output quantity. Overall, 0.50 MPa was identified as the optimum air-nozzle pressure for achieving a balanced combination of yarn strength, evenness, surface quality, waste control, and energy efficiency in 34 Ne CVC vortex-spun yarn production. This research provides valuable insights for optimizing pneumatic parameters in MVS, offering textile manufacturers a data-driven framework for improving yarn quality while balancing energy efficiency and production costs.